{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-post-query-tsx","path":"/research/effects-of-early-life-exposure-to-sanitation-on-childhood-cognitive-skills-evidence-from-indias-total-sanitation-campaign/","result":{"pageContext":{"post":{"slug":"/research/effects-of-early-life-exposure-to-sanitation-on-childhood-cognitive-skills-evidence-from-indias-total-sanitation-campaign/","title":"Effects of Early-Life Exposure to Sanitation on Childhood Cognitive Skills Evidence from India’s Total Sanitation Campaign","date":"Oct 01, 2014","timeToRead":1,"description":"Early-life health shapes cognitive skills and human capital. In India, widespread open defecation without using a toilet is an important source of childhood disease. ","body":"function _extends() { _extends = Object.assign || function (target) { for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) { var source = arguments[i]; for (var key in source) { if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) { target[key] = source[key]; } } } return target; }; return _extends.apply(this, arguments); }\n\nfunction _objectWithoutProperties(source, excluded) { if (source == null) return {}; var target = _objectWithoutPropertiesLoose(source, excluded); var key, i; if (Object.getOwnPropertySymbols) { var sourceSymbolKeys = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(source); for (i = 0; i < sourceSymbolKeys.length; i++) { key = sourceSymbolKeys[i]; if (excluded.indexOf(key) >= 0) continue; if (!Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable.call(source, key)) continue; target[key] = source[key]; } } return target; }\n\nfunction _objectWithoutPropertiesLoose(source, excluded) { if (source == null) return {}; var target = {}; var sourceKeys = Object.keys(source); var key, i; for (i = 0; i < sourceKeys.length; i++) { key = sourceKeys[i]; if (excluded.indexOf(key) >= 0) continue; target[key] = source[key]; } return target; }\n\n/* @jsxRuntime classic */\n\n/* @jsx mdx */\nvar _frontmatter = {\n  \"title\": \"Effects of Early-Life Exposure to Sanitation on Childhood Cognitive Skills Evidence from India’s Total Sanitation Campaign\",\n  \"date\": \"2014-10-01\",\n  \"template\": \"post\",\n  \"slug\": \"effects-of-early-life-exposure-to-sanitation-on-childhood-cognitive-skills-evidence-from-indias-total-sanitation-campaign\",\n  \"postedLink\": \"https://riceinstitute.org/research/effects-of-early-life-exposure-to-sanitation-on-childhood-cognitive-skills-evidence-from-indias-total-sanitation-campaign/\",\n  \"description\": \"Early-life health shapes cognitive skills and human capital. In India, widespread open defecation without using a toilet is an important source of childhood disease. \",\n  \"tags\": \"Research, Sanitation\",\n  \"banner\": \"\"\n};\nvar layoutProps = {\n  _frontmatter: _frontmatter\n};\nvar MDXLayout = \"wrapper\";\nreturn function MDXContent(_ref) {\n  var components = _ref.components,\n      props = _objectWithoutProperties(_ref, [\"components\"]);\n\n  return mdx(MDXLayout, _extends({}, layoutProps, props, {\n    components: components,\n    mdxType: \"MDXLayout\"\n  }), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Authors: Dean Spears, Sneha Lamba\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Published by: \", mdx(\"em\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"The World Bank\")), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"a\", {\n    parentName: \"p\",\n    \"href\": \"https://github.com/riceinstitute/content/blob/release/research/spears-et-al-2013-effects-of-early-life-exposure-to-sanitation-on-childhood-cognitive-skills-evidence-from-india's-total-sanitation-campaign.pdf\",\n    \"target\": \"_blank\",\n    \"rel\": \"noopener noreferrer\"\n  }, \"Download Paper\")), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Abstract:\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Early-life health shapes cognitive skills and human capital. In India, widespread open defecation without using a toilet is an important source of childhood disease. We study the effects on childhood cognitive achievement of early-life exposure to India\\u2019s Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), a large government program that encouraged local governments to build latrines and promote their use. \"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"We find that the TSC caused six-year-olds exposed to it in their first year of life to be more likely to recognize letters and simple numbers. Our results suggest that open defecation is an important threat to human capital in India.\"));\n}\n;\nMDXContent.isMDXComponent = true;","tags":[{"name":"Research","slug":"research"},{"name":" Sanitation","slug":"sanitation"}],"banner":null}}},"staticQueryHashes":["318001574","3787687951","3787687951"]}