{"componentChunkName":"component---src-templates-post-query-tsx","path":"/news_post/marital-and-other-rapes-grossly-under-reported/","result":{"pageContext":{"post":{"slug":"/news_post/marital-and-other-rapes-grossly-under-reported/","title":"‘Marital and other rapes grossly under-reported’","date":"Nov 07, 2014","timeToRead":2,"description":"Rukmini S. of The Hindu published an article today about Aashish’s new study on under-reporting of violence against women in India.","body":"function _extends() { _extends = Object.assign || function (target) { for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++) { var source = arguments[i]; for (var key in source) { if (Object.prototype.hasOwnProperty.call(source, key)) { target[key] = source[key]; } } } return target; }; return _extends.apply(this, arguments); }\n\nfunction _objectWithoutProperties(source, excluded) { if (source == null) return {}; var target = _objectWithoutPropertiesLoose(source, excluded); var key, i; if (Object.getOwnPropertySymbols) { var sourceSymbolKeys = Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(source); for (i = 0; i < sourceSymbolKeys.length; i++) { key = sourceSymbolKeys[i]; if (excluded.indexOf(key) >= 0) continue; if (!Object.prototype.propertyIsEnumerable.call(source, key)) continue; target[key] = source[key]; } } return target; }\n\nfunction _objectWithoutPropertiesLoose(source, excluded) { if (source == null) return {}; var target = {}; var sourceKeys = Object.keys(source); var key, i; for (i = 0; i < sourceKeys.length; i++) { key = sourceKeys[i]; if (excluded.indexOf(key) >= 0) continue; target[key] = source[key]; } return target; }\n\n/* @jsxRuntime classic */\n\n/* @jsx mdx */\nvar _frontmatter = {\n  \"title\": \"‘Marital and other rapes grossly under-reported’\",\n  \"date\": \"2014-11-07\",\n  \"template\": \"post\",\n  \"slug\": \"marital-and-other-rapes-grossly-under-reported\",\n  \"postedLink\": \"https://riceinstitute.org/news_post/marital-and-other-rapes-grossly-under-reported/\",\n  \"description\": \"Rukmini S. of The Hindu published an article today about Aashish’s new study on under-reporting of violence against women in India.\",\n  \"tags\": \"Media\",\n  \"banner\": \"hindu.jpg\"\n};\nvar layoutProps = {\n  _frontmatter: _frontmatter\n};\nvar MDXLayout = \"wrapper\";\nreturn function MDXContent(_ref) {\n  var components = _ref.components,\n      props = _objectWithoutProperties(_ref, [\"components\"]);\n\n  return mdx(MDXLayout, _extends({}, layoutProps, props, {\n    components: components,\n    mdxType: \"MDXLayout\"\n  }), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Rukmini S. of The Hindu published an article today about Aashish\\u2019s new \", mdx(\"a\", {\n    parentName: \"p\",\n    \"href\": \"https://github.com/riceinstitute/content/blob/release/research/gupta-2014-reporting-and-incidence-of-violence-against-women-in-India.pdf\",\n    \"target\": \"_blank\",\n    \"rel\": \"noopener noreferrer\"\n  }, \"study\"), \" on\\xA0under-reporting of violence against women in India.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"p\",\n    \"className\": \"gatsby-resp-image-wrapper\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"position\": \"relative\",\n      \"display\": \"block\",\n      \"marginLeft\": \"auto\",\n      \"marginRight\": \"auto\",\n      \"maxWidth\": \"636px\"\n    }\n  }, \"\\n      \", mdx(\"span\", {\n    parentName: \"span\",\n    \"className\": \"gatsby-resp-image-background-image\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"paddingBottom\": \"75.49999999999999%\",\n      \"position\": \"relative\",\n      \"bottom\": \"0\",\n      \"left\": \"0\",\n      \"backgroundImage\": \"url('data:image/jpeg;base64,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')\",\n      \"backgroundSize\": \"cover\",\n      \"display\": \"block\"\n    }\n  }), \"\\n  \", mdx(\"img\", {\n    parentName: \"span\",\n    \"className\": \"gatsby-resp-image-image\",\n    \"alt\": \"Gender\",\n    \"title\": \"Gender\",\n    \"src\": \"/static/a6102cfef19b2c58f4f837f0f0b7f0ea/9b45d/Gender.jpg\",\n    \"srcSet\": [\"/static/a6102cfef19b2c58f4f837f0f0b7f0ea/37402/Gender.jpg 200w\", \"/static/a6102cfef19b2c58f4f837f0f0b7f0ea/91d27/Gender.jpg 520w\", \"/static/a6102cfef19b2c58f4f837f0f0b7f0ea/9b45d/Gender.jpg 636w\"],\n    \"sizes\": \"(max-width: 636px) 100vw, 636px\",\n    \"style\": {\n      \"width\": \"100%\",\n      \"height\": \"100%\",\n      \"margin\": \"0\",\n      \"verticalAlign\": \"middle\",\n      \"position\": \"absolute\",\n      \"top\": \"0\",\n      \"left\": \"0\"\n    },\n    \"loading\": \"lazy\"\n  }), \"\\n    \")), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Husbands commit a majority of acts of sexual violence in India, and just one per cent of marital rapes and six per cent of rapes by men other than husbands are reported to the police, new estimates show.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"In keeping with the widely held belief among women\\u2019s rights activists in India that sexual violence is grossly under-reported, social scientist Aashish Gupta with the Research Institute for Compassionate Economics compared National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) statistics on officially reported cases of violence against women with data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS), which asked women respondents whether they had faced any sexual or physical violence.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Since the most recent round of the NFHS was conducted in 2005, Mr. Gupta compared the NCRB statistics for that year with the extent of violence that women had admitted to in the NFHS survey.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Mr. Gupta found that while 157 per 1,00,000 women reported to NFHS surveyors that they had experienced rape by men other than their husbands in the past 12 months, 6,590 said their husbands had physically forced them to have sexual intercourse against their will. This meant that just 2.3 per cent of all rapes experienced by women were by men other than their husbands.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"For both marital and non-marital rapes, however, the officially reported figures were extremely low, Mr. Gupta said in a working paper he shared with \", mdx(\"em\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"The Hindu\"), \". Comparing the NCRB and NFHS data in 2005, just 5.8 per cent of rapes by men other than the woman\\u2019s husband were reported to the police, and just 0.6 per cent of rapes by the husband. Since marital rape was not recognised as a crime in India, it was probably reported as \\u201Ccruelty,\\u201D Mr. Gupta found.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"While India lacks a \\u201Ccrime victimisation survey,\\u201D which in countries such as England has largely replaced police statistics as official crime data, Mr. Gupta\\u2019s findings are confirmed by other sources.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"The NFHS itself asks women who experienced violence if they reported it to the police; just 0.6 per cent said that they had.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"The Delhi-based women\\u2019s rights organisation Jagori made similar findings in a sample survey in Delhi in 2011 \\u2014 just 0.8 per cent of women who had been sexually assaulted, stalked or harassed reported it to the police. \\u201CThere have been some area-specific studies like ours, but the NFHS is really the only victimisation study that India has,\\u201D Kalpana Viswanath, researcher and executive committee member of Jagori, told \", mdx(\"em\", {\n    parentName: \"p\"\n  }, \"The Hindu\"), \". \\u201COur recommendation has been for the NFHS to expand their questions on violence and look at sexual violence other than rape too,\\u201D she said.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Severe physical violence was equally under-reported, Mr. Gupta found. At the State level, Mr. Gupta looked at physical violence and marital rape, since the numbers on rape by men other than the husband were too small at the State level for statistical analysis.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"Delhi has the lowest actual incidence of violence against women and highest rates of reporting in the country.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"In general, States associated with gender equality \\u2014 the North-Eastern States, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka \\u2014 had both lower levels of actual incidence of violence and higher levels of reporting, but no State reached double digits in its extent of reporting.\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"-\"), mdx(\"p\", null, \"You can also read the full article \", mdx(\"a\", {\n    parentName: \"p\",\n    \"href\": \"http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/marital-and-other-rapes-grossly-underreported/article6524794.ece\",\n    \"target\": \"_blank\",\n    \"rel\": \"noopener noreferrer\"\n  }, \"here\"), \".\"));\n}\n;\nMDXContent.isMDXComponent = true;","tags":[{"name":"Media","slug":"media"}],"banner":{"childImageSharp":{"fluid":{"src":"/static/32e1a8b10368cd4d70fcfa61949691db/29765/hindu.jpg","srcSet":"/static/32e1a8b10368cd4d70fcfa61949691db/55357/hindu.jpg 200w,\n/static/32e1a8b10368cd4d70fcfa61949691db/29765/hindu.jpg 500w,\n/static/32e1a8b10368cd4d70fcfa61949691db/1f218/hindu.jpg 1000w","aspectRatio":2.5,"sizes":"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px","base64":"data:image/jpeg;base64,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"}}}}}},"staticQueryHashes":["318001574","3787687951","3787687951"]}